目的 :探讨儿童脑脓肿的诊断治疗特点。方法 :对 196 1年 1月～ 1997年 12月收治的儿童脑脓肿 185例进行回顾性分析。结果 :180例经手术、病理或死后尸检证实 ;5例根据感染史 ,临床表现及血管造影诊断 ,并经抗生素治愈。应用CT后死亡率大幅度下降。结论 :凡儿童有颅内高压表现或不能用胃肠道疾患解释的顽固性呕吐、或有阳性神经系统病征者 ,尤其是有发热感染史者 ,均应想到脑脓肿的可能。治疗上应以脓肿切除为主要方法。 Objective: To investigate the diagnosis and treatment of brain abscess in children. Methods: 185 children with brain abscess treated from January 1996 to December 1997 were retrospectively analyzed. Results: 180 cases were confirmed by surgery, pathology or post mortem autopsy. Five cases were diagnosed according to the history of infection, clinical manifestations and angiography and cured by antibiotics. After the application of CT mortality dropped significantly. Conclusion: All children with intracranial hypertension or refractory vomiting that can not be explained by gastrointestinal disorders, or those with positive neurological symptoms, especially those with a history of fever and infection, should think about the possibility of brain abscess. Abscess should be treated as the main method of treatment.