根据功能导向的不同,所有规则可以分为两类,即控制性规则与促进性规则。控制性规则是以对规制对象行为的控制为导向的规则,促进性规则则是以对规制对象行为的促进与引导为导向的规则。在工业社会中,无论法律规则还是组织规则,都是以控制性规则为基础的,都是通过控制来实施法律与实现组织目标的。20世纪后期以来,随着社会复杂性与不确定性的提高,控制性规则出现了失灵的情况,促进性规则引起了人们越来越多的注意。促进性规则预示着人类社会治理的一种全新前景,为当前的治理变革提供了促进性治理的方向。 According to the function-oriented, all the rules can be divided into two categories: control rules and promotion rules. Control rules are based on the control of the behavior of the object-oriented rules, and the promotion of rules is based on the behavior of the object to promote and guide the rules. In industrialized society, both legal rules and organizational rules are based on the rules of control. All are laws that control the implementation of organizational goals. Since the latter part of the 20th century, with the increase of social complexity and uncertainty, the control rules have failed, and the promotion rules have drawn more and more attention. Proactive rules foreshadow a new perspective on human social governance and provide a direction for proactive governance of current governance change.