大量流行病学调查表明,心血管疾病、糖尿病、肥胖等慢性疾病与膳食营养因素密切相关①。合理的膳食可有效地预防上述疾病的发生,但采取合理的膳食模式还要受到自身的营养知识、行为水平的影响。上海市作为我国最大城市,近年来经济水平不断提高,人们膳食结构发生了巨大变化,肥胖人数也在逐年增加。但有些方面正向不合理方向发展,如热能摄入过高者占30%以上,摄食脂肪和胆固醇过多,人口老年化,生活节奏加快、竞争激烈,肥胖的患病率呈上升趋势②,无疑给国家、社会及家庭带来极其沉重的精神负担。本课题旨在通过对上海市肥胖居民营养知识态度的调查,针对问题,提出如何提高其营养知识水平,使人们树立正确的平衡膳食观念,改善不合理饮食习惯的方法,提高其身体素质。 A large number of epidemiological studies have shown that cardiovascular disease, diabetes, obesity and other chronic diseases are closely related to dietary nutritional factors ①. Reasonable diet can effectively prevent the occurrence of the above diseases, but to take a reasonable dietary patterns but also by their own nutritional knowledge and behavior levels. As the largest city in China, Shanghai has continuously raised its economic level in recent years. People’s diet has undergone tremendous changes and the number of obese people has also been increasing year by year. However, some areas are developing in an unreasonable direction. For example, people who overheat their intake of energy account for more than 30% of the total. They consume too much fat and cholesterol, have an aging population, accelerate the pace of life, become fiercely competitive, and the prevalence of obesity is on the rise. Undoubtedly bring extremely heavy mental burden to the country, society and family. The purpose of this project is to investigate the nutrition knowledge and attitude of obese residents in Shanghai and put forward some suggestions on how to improve their nutritional knowledge so that they can establish a correct concept of balanced diet and improve their unreasonable eating habits to improve their physical fitness.