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「沙道克」(Shaddock)導彈是原蘇聯海軍艦上裝備的一種遠程巡航式反艦導彈,北約稱之為SS-C-1。它的研製發展過程頗不平凡,其故事得從納粹德國的V-1導彈說起。 1944年,德國的V-1導彈攻勢展示了使用導彈攻擊敵方領土縱深目標的實例。V-1向英國南部投擲彈頭是成功的。但它簡單、粗糙、不精確、易於被攔截,而且射程有限。後來,德國人設計了由雙脈動式噴氣發動機為動力、加長的V-1導彈,少量樣品在波蘭和德國東部試驗時,被前進中的蘇聯紅軍繳獲。 1945年之後,蘇軍在進攻敵後方時遇到了困難,因為蘇聯戰鬥轟炸機的航程達不到敵後方,繳獲的V-1和V-2導彈提供了穿越敵軍防綫和攻擊後勤基地的辦法。
The “Shaddock” missile is a long-range cruise-type anti-ship missile equipped on former Soviet naval vessels, which NATO calls SS-C-1. Its research and development process is rather trivial, and its story starts with Nazi Germany’s V-1 missile. In 1944, Germany’s V-1 missile offensive demonstrated examples of the in-depth goal of using missiles to attack enemy territory. The V-1 was successful in delivering warheads to southern England. But it is simple, rough, inaccurate, easily intercepted, and has limited range. Later, the Germans designed a V-1 missile powered by a dual-pulse jet engine and lengthened a small number of samples seized by the advancing Soviet Red Army when it was tested in Poland and eastern Germany. After 1945, the Soviet army encountered difficulties in attacking the enemy rear because the Soviet fighter-bombers did not reach the enemy’s voyage and seized V-1 and V-2 missiles provided the means to cross the enemy defenses and attack the logistics base.