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冲沟是多种外力作用的结果,展示为多种地貌现象。选择胶东半岛北岩子口小流域作为研究对象,以正射影像(DOM)和数字高程模型(DEM)为数据源,选择土地利用、地形湿度指数、坡度坡长因子、水流动力指数、坡向、平面曲率和地表粗糙度等7个地貌因子,计算小流域土壤侵蚀敏感性,研究侵蚀冲沟与地貌因子的关系。结果表明:冲沟多发生在坡度坡长较大、水流动力强、地表湿度较低的林草地区域,多分布在阳坡的凹面;冲沟大多分布在土壤侵蚀中等敏感性及以上的区域,约占总冲沟的96.4%;在土壤侵蚀中等敏感性及以上区域,实验权重值对验证区冲沟分布的响应精度为87.9%,与实际值93.3%相差较小,精度较高。研究结果可为区域内冲沟侵蚀的评价提供一定科学依据。
Gully is the result of a variety of external forces, showing a variety of landscape phenomenon. Based on DOM and DEM data, we selected the North Yizikou small watershed in the Jiaodong Peninsula as the data source, selected land use, topography humidity index, slope slope length factor, hydrodynamic index, aspect, Plane curvature and surface roughness of seven geomorphic factors, the calculation of soil erosion sensitivity of small watershed erosion erosion gully and the relationship between the geomorphological factors. The results show that the gully mostly occurs in grassland areas with large slope length, strong water flow and low surface humidity, and mostly distributed in the concave surface of the sunny slope. Most of the gullys are distributed in areas with moderate sensitivity to soil erosion and above, Accounting for 96.4% of the total gully. In the medium sensitivity of soil erosion and above, the response accuracy of experimental weight value to the gully distribution in the verification area was 87.9%, which was slightly different from the actual value of 93.3% and higher in accuracy. The results can provide scientific evidence for the evaluation of gully erosion in the area.