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本文译自美国纽约大学比较文学系主任罗伯特·克莱门茨(Robert J.Clements)所著《比较文学学科》。全书共十五章,作者根据自己二十五年从事比较文学研究和主管比较文学系的经验,系统地论述了设立比较文学课和比较文学系所要解决的一系列重要问题,诸如课程设置、教员配备、对外语的要求、教科书的选择、论文的撰写和评阅等。本书还同时阐述了比较文学研究的主要内容,如文学的类别和形式、文学的分期和运动、各国文学的相互关系、文学史和文学批评、比较文学的渊源和范围、比较文学的未来等。因此无论是对创建比较文学系,还是对从事比较文学研究来说,本书均有较大的参考价值。本篇是书中的第一章,着重谈了比较文学兴起的历史、比较文学的定义和名称、比较文学和总体文学的区别、设立比较文学系科的历史和现状等问题,为读者提供了关于比较文学的综合性知识。
This article was translated by Robert J. Clements, Director of Comparative Literature at New York University in the United States. The book consists of 15 chapters. According to his 25 years of experience in comparative literature and comparative literature, he systematically discusses a series of important issues to be solved in setting up comparative literature and comparative literature, such as curriculum, teachers Equipments, Requirements for Foreign Languages, Choice of Textbooks, Writing and Reviewing of Papers. The book also describes the main contents of comparative literature research, such as the type and form of literature, staging and movement of literature, the interrelationship of literatures in all countries, literary history and literary criticism, the origin and scope of comparative literature, the future of comparative literature, etc. . Therefore, whether it is for the establishment of Department of Comparative Literature, or engaged in comparative literature, this book has a greater reference value. This is the first chapter of the book, focusing on the history of the rise of comparative literature, the definition and name of comparative literature, the difference between comparative literature and general literature, the establishment of the history and status quo of comparative literature, etc., providing readers with Comprehensive knowledge about comparative literature.