本文指出影响锅炉安全经济工作的重点是锅炉受热面外部工况的改善。评述了常规煤灰分析的作用、灰污系数的正确概念和获取方法以及锅炉清灰剂的应用和成分的选择因素。文中最后对加强煤灰研究和减少受热面灰污的进一步深入阐述了作者的意见。 This paper points out that the key factor influencing the safety and economy of the boiler is the improvement of the external working conditions of the heating surface of the boiler. The role of conventional coal ash analysis, the correct concept of the fouling coefficient and its acquisition method, as well as the application and compositional selection of the boiler cleaning agent are reviewed. At the end of the paper, the authors’ opinions are further elaborated on strengthening the study of coal ash and reducing the pollution of the heated surfaces.