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目的评价农村环境卫生质量,探索主成分分析法和熵值法相结合的综合评价方法,为提高评价结果的准确度和客观反映福建省农村环境卫生现状提供参考依据。方法分别采用主成分分析法、熵值法和集成综合评价法对福建省19个县农村环境卫生质量进行综合评价。结果主成分分析法提取的3个主成分累计方差贡献率为87.14%,其中第1主成分与农村户厕卫生状况密切相关,第2主成分与农村病媒生物状况密切相关,第3主成分与农村供水卫生状况密切相关;熵值法确定的指标权重显示,供水卫生及病媒生物指标在农村环境卫生质量评价中占据相对重要的位置;集成综合评价法综合得分显示闽南沿海经济发达地区环境卫生质量优于闽北经济欠发达地区。结论主成分分析法和熵值法对福建省农村环境卫生质量的评价结论具有一致性,将两种评价法相结合进行综合评价能起到优势互补的效果,并可以对农村环境卫生质量及存在的问题做出客观、科学的综合判断,为有关部门科学制定改善农村环境卫生对策和措施提供科学指导。
Objective To evaluate the quality of rural environmental hygiene and explore a comprehensive evaluation method combining principal component analysis and entropy method to provide reference for improving the accuracy of assessment results and objectively reflecting the current situation of rural environmental health in Fujian Province. Methods The principal component analysis, entropy method and integrated comprehensive evaluation were used to evaluate the quality of rural environmental hygiene in 19 counties of Fujian Province. Results The cumulative variance of the three principal components extracted by the principal component analysis method was 87.14%. The first principal component was closely related to the sanitary status of rural household toilets. The second principal component was closely related to the vector status of rural residents. The third principal component Which is closely related to the water supply and sanitation status in rural areas. The index weights determined by entropy method show that the indicators of water supply sanitation and vector bioinformatics occupy a relatively important position in the quality evaluation of rural environmental sanitation. The integrated score of integrated comprehensive evaluation shows that the environment in economically developed coastal areas of southern Fujian Health is better than the economy in northern Fujian underdeveloped areas. Conclusions The principal component analysis and entropy method are consistent with the conclusion of rural environmental health quality assessment in Fujian Province. The combination of the two evaluation methods can be used as a comprehensive evaluation to complement each other, and can be used to evaluate the quality and existence of rural environmental health To make objective and scientific comprehensive judgments, and provide scientific guidance for relevant departments to formulate scientifically the measures and measures for improving rural environmental sanitation.