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髌骨为三角形的扁平骨,是人体内最大的籽骨,位于膝关节前方,包埋于股四头肌腱内。髌骨后表面的上3/4为关节面,由纵向的中央脊、内侧脊分为内、外侧关节面和奇面;内外侧关节面又被两条和横脊划为上、中、下三部分,共7个面。髌骨后表面的下1/4位于关节外,是髌腱的附着点。1941年Wiberg通过研究大量的髌骨30°轴位片并根据髌骨关节面不同形态分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ共3型,以后Baumgartl又增加
The patella is a triangular flattened bone, the largest sesamoid in the human body, in front of the knee and embedded in the quadriceps tendon. On the posterior surface of the patella 3/4 of the articular surface, from the longitudinal central ridge, the medial ridge is divided into medial and lateral articular surface and the odd surface; medial and lateral articular surface and two by ridge and ridges designated as the middle and lower three Part, a total of 7 surface. The patellar surface of the next 1/4 in the joints, is the patellar tendon attachment point. 1941 Wiberg through a large number of patellar axial 30 ° and according to different forms of patellar articular surface is divided into Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ a total of 3 type, then Baumgartl increased