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肾脏病是一门年青的学科,国际肾脏病学会成立于1960年,中华肾脏病学会迟至1980年才成立,整整晚了20年。然而过去这几年来,我国肾脏病专业在有关边缘学科迅速进展的推动下取得了可喜的成绩,专业队伍不断扩大、学术水平迅速提高、临床工作质量正在接近或已达到国际水平,基础理论研究工作也日益得到重视。本文限于篇幅,着重介绍内科临床常见肾脏疾病的一些情况而不涉及专科各项技术进展的详情。 一、关于流行病学资料 1982年全国13个省市自治区有188,697人接受尿检普查,泌尿系疾患的检出率达2.25％。其中以泌尿道感染最常见达0.91％,其次为肾小球肾炎0.49％,泌尿道结石0.12％。按此推算,全国应有数以千万计的肾脏病患者。慢性肾衰是肾脏病导致死亡的主要病情,据1399例的综合分析,在引起终末期慢性肾衰的各种病因中,慢性肾小球肾炎占首位达64.1％,慢性肾盂肾炎占第二位17.6％,再其次为肾动脉硬化、多囊肾及系统性红斑狼疮分别占
Kidney disease is a young discipline, the International Society of Nephrology was founded in 1960, the Chinese Society of Nephrology was established as late as 1980, a full 20 years later. In the past few years, however, the kidney disease profession in our country has made gratifying achievements under the prompt progress of the related disciplinary departments. The contingent of professionals has been continuously expanded, the academic level has rapidly risen, the quality of clinical work is approaching or has reached the international level, and basic theoretical research work Also get more and more attention. This article is limited to space, focusing on some of the clinical clinical common renal disease without involving the details of the technical progress of the specialist. I. Epidemiological Information In 1982, 188,697 people in 13 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities under the jurisdiction of the People’s Republic of China accepted a urine screening survey. The prevalence of urological diseases was 2.25%. The most common urinary tract infection was 0.91%, followed by glomerulonephritis 0.49%, urinary tract stones 0.12%. According to this projection, there should be tens of millions of patients with kidney disease throughout the country. Chronic renal failure is the leading cause of death from kidney disease. According to a comprehensive analysis of 1399 cases, among the various causes of end-stage chronic renal failure, chronic glomerulonephritis accounts for 64.1% in the first place and chronic pyelonephritis second place 17.6%, followed by renal arteriosclerosis, polycystic kidney disease and systemic lupus erythematosus accounted for