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目的观察分析南京市某有机磷农药生产企业人员外周血象(包括WBC、PLT、RBC和Hb)、丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)和胆碱酯酶(CHE)结果的变化情况,探讨不同工种、不同工龄、不同性别与研究指标之间的关系,为减少职业危害提供科学依据。方法对2013年某有机磷农药生产企业1 138名人员和某外厂692名未接触有机磷农药的工人进行外周血象、ALT和CHE检测分析。结果有机磷组的WBC为(6.0±1.47)×109/L,PLT为(158.2±52.29)×109/L,RBC为(4.59±0.49)×1012/L,Hb为(137.3±15.93)g/L,ALT为(24.9±19.78)U/L,CHE为(248.3±85.43)U/L,均在正常参考范围内;但WBC、PLT、RBC、Hb和CHE均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。不同工种间,PLT、Hb、RBC、ALT和CHE的差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),操作工的WBC为(5.97±1.47)×109/L,PLT为(155.7±51.55)×109/L,RBC为(4.58±0.49)×1012/L,Hb为(137.1±16.0)g/L,ALT为(24.1±17.33)U/L,CHE为(236.3±86.06)U/L,均低于管理人员,差异均有统计学意义。随着接害工龄的增加,血液检查的各项指标有逐渐降低的趋势,其中,5~15 a组的CHE为(213.6±83.85)U/L,RBC(4.49±0.52)×1012/L,Hb为(133.9±16.99)g/L,显著低于<5 a组,差异有统计学意义。CHE的异常率在性别间差异有统计学意义。结论长期接触有机磷农药对生产工人的外周血象,ALT和CHE有一定的负面影响,对工龄5~15年的影响尤为明显。
Objective To observe and analyze the changes of peripheral blood (including WBC, PLT, RBC and Hb), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and cholinesterase (CHE) in an organophosphorus pesticide manufacturing enterprise in Nanjing, Length of service, gender and research indicators to provide a scientific basis for reducing occupational hazards. Methods Peripheral blood, ALT and CHE were detected in 1 138 workers in an organophosphorus pesticide manufacturing enterprise and 692 workers without organic phosphorus pesticide in an external plant in 2013. Results The WBC in the organophosphate group was (6.0 ± 1.47) × 109 / L, the PLT was (158.2 ± 52.29) × 109 / L, the RBC was (4.59 ± 0.49) × 1012 / L and the Hb was (137.3 ± 15.93) L, ALT was (24.9 ± 19.78) U / L, CHE was (248.3 ± 85.43) U / L, all within the normal reference range; but WBC, PLT, RBC, Hb and CHE were lower than the control group Significance (both P <0.01). There were significant differences in PLT, Hb, RBC, ALT and CHE between different types of work (P <0.01), WBC of operators (5.97 ± 1.47) × 109 / L and PLT of (155.7 ± 51.55) L, RBC was (4.58 ± 0.49) × 1012 / L, Hb was (137.1 ± 16.0) g / L, ALT was (24.1 ± 17.33) U / L and CHE was (236.3 ± 86.06) U / L, Management staff, the differences were statistically significant. The indexes of blood test decreased gradually with the increase of the length of service, in which CHE was (213.6 ± 83.85) U / L, RBC (4.49 ± 0.52) × 1012 / L, Hb was (133.9 ± 16.99) g / L, significantly lower than <5 a group, the difference was statistically significant. The abnormal rate of CHE was statistically significant between the sexes. Conclusion Long-term exposure to organophosphorus pesticides has some negative effects on the production of peripheral blood, ALT and CHE, especially for those aged 5 to 15 years.