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目的探讨纤维支气管镜检查在中心型肺癌诊治中的临床应用价值。方法回顾性分析我院两年来 50例经纤支镜检查确诊的中心型肺癌病例,取材以活检、针吸、刷检、盲刷等为主,所取标本送组织学及细胞学检查。结果全部50例确诊患者纤支镜检查均无严重并发症,其中鳞癌24例,占48%;小细胞未分化癌19例,占 38%;小细胞低分化癌3例,占6%;腺癌4例,占8%。镜下表现:外生性新生物31例,占62%,以菜花状、蕈伞状、不规则状等为主;浸润性改变10例,占20%;外压增厚性改变5例,占10%;炎症性改变,占8%。结论纤支镜检查能确诊中心型肺癌及其病理类型,是一种安全有效的检查方法,与胸片、螺旋CT等相结合,可大大提高诊断阳性率。
Objective To investigate the clinical value of fiberoptic bronchoscopy in the diagnosis and treatment of central lung cancer. Methods A retrospective analysis of 50 cases of central lung cancer diagnosed by fiberoptic bronchoscopy was retrospectively analyzed in our hospital in two years. The specimens were biopsy, needle aspiration, brushing test and blind brushing. The specimens were sent for histological and cytological examination. Results There were no serious complications in all 50 confirmed cases. There were 24 cases of squamous cell carcinoma (48%), 19 cases of small cell undifferentiated carcinoma (38%), 3 cases of small cell poorly differentiated carcinoma (6%). Adenocarcinoma in 4 cases, accounting for 8%. Microscopically, 31 cases were exogenetics, accounting for 62%, with cauliflower, mushrooms and irregularities as the main features. Infiltrative changes were found in 10 cases (20%), external pressure thickened in 5 cases (accounting for 10%; inflammatory changes, accounting for 8%. Conclusions Fiberoptic bronchoscopy can diagnose central lung cancer and its pathological type. It is a safe and effective method to check the lung cancer. Combined with chest radiography, spiral CT and so on, it can greatly improve the diagnostic positive rate.