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本文概述了把袋装粮食进口改为散粮进口的优点和费用节约问题。费用竹约一般指如下几方面:J决速装卸,使船舶运费降低;机械化装卸,使码头装卸费用降低;机械化装卸作业可靠,使船舶延期费用降低;利用买方当地廉价的劳动力,把散粮装袋后进行再分配。例如南也门亚丁港使用25000吨级船舶进口散粮比使用15000吨级船舶进口袋粮可降低费用34美元/吨,有时节约的外汇甚至可达37美元/吨。亚丁港新建散粮进口设施由以下几部分组成:改建原2米水深的码头;粮船上两台移动式汽动吸粮机(2X75吨/时);四艘500吨的粮驳把散粮运输到浅水粮食码头;码头上固定式汽动吸粮机(150吨/时);六个总容量为20000吨的钢筒仓〔带有计量和辅助设备,能力为150吨/时);装袋机(能力40吨/时);汽车磅,散粮出口和运输粮食到亚丁面粉厂的粮食卡车,茸点拎咨为850万羊元。若每年讲口巧万吨,按上述的费用节约、其经济内部收益率(EIRR)将在40%左右。若每吨费用节约减少一半,当使用寿命为6年和12年时,其EIRR将分别为14%和20%。同时,考虑到新设备的使用,应有一个培训新设备操作人员和维修人员的综合计划。
This article outlines the advantages and cost savings of changing the import of bagged food into bulk food. The cost of bamboo generally refers to the following aspects: J speed loading and unloading, so that shipping costs reduced; mechanization of loading and unloading, wharf loading and unloading costs reduced; mechanized loading and unloading operations reliable, reducing the cost of the ship delay; using the buyer cheap local labor, After the bag redistribution. For example, the port of Aden, South Yemen, using bulk grain imported by 25,000-ton ships can reduce the cost by 34 U.S. dollars / tonne compared with the 15,000-ton ships, and sometimes save up to 37 U.S. dollars / ton. Aden Ding Port new bulk grain imported facilities by the following components: the original reconstruction of the 2-meter-deep pier; two mobile food grain grain machine (2X75 tons / hour); four 500-ton grain barley bulk grain transport To shallow-water grain terminals; fixed-suction grain suction machines on wharfs (150 t / h); six steel silos with a total capacity of 20,000 tons (with measuring and auxiliary equipment capable of 150 t / h); bagging Machine (capacity of 40 tons / hour); car pounds, bulk food exports and transport of grain to the Aden flour mill grain truck, Velvet Point to 8.5 million sheep yuan. If you talk about 10,000 tons a year, according to the above cost savings, the economic internal rate of return (EIRR) will be about 40%. At half the cost savings per ton, EIRRs will be 14% and 20% respectively, with useful life of 6 years and 12 years. At the same time, given the use of new equipment, there should be a comprehensive plan for training new equipment operators and maintenance personnel.