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导入是课堂教学中的首要环节。它犹如乐曲的“引子”,电视、电影的“序幕”,直接关系到一节课的成败。其功能主要有:①能激发学生学习兴趣,产生学习动机,推动学习的内在动力,使他们主动积极地探索需要解决的问题;②能迅速将学生分散的注意力集中到课堂上来,明确学习目的与学习方法;③能为学生学习新知识作好铺垫,使学生比较顺利地将所要学习的内容与原有认知结构相连结。 因此,教师在备课时必须要重视导入的设计。设计时,既要突出本课重点,又要体现知识的层次结构,还要注意教学的环境以及小学生的年龄特点、心理特征,恰当选择导入方法,用最短的时间迅速进入课堂学习的最佳状态。通常使用的方法有以下几种:
Import is the most important part in classroom teaching. It is like the music “introduction”, television, film “prologue” is directly related to the success of a class. Its main functions are: ① can stimulate students interest in learning, motivation to learn and promote the motivation to learn, so that they actively explore the problems to be solved; ② can quickly focus the students scattered into the classroom, a clear purpose of learning And learning methods; ③ can pave the way for students to learn new knowledge, make students relatively smoothly to the content to be learned and the original cognitive structure. Therefore, teachers must pay attention to the imported design in lesson preparation. Design, it is necessary to highlight the focus of this lesson, but also reflect the hierarchical structure of knowledge, but also pay attention to the teaching environment and the age and psychological characteristics of primary school students, the appropriate choice of import methods, with the shortest possible time to quickly enter the best classroom learning . The commonly used methods are the following: