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从1956年4月到1961年3月的印度第二个五年经济计划,按其执行情况来说,前景是十分不妙的。根据印度政府计划委员会在7月4日发表的一项官方报告中宣布,铜、煤、粮食、棉花以及就业等重要项目的原定指标将不能完成,而其中,粮食问题是一个严重的问题。由于印度政府执行:对内则牺牲人民利益,一味屈从大资产阶级和封建势力,对外则依靠帝国主义“援助”的政策,因此,计划执行的结果,除了一些可使资本家获得巨额利润的工业企业得到发展外,农业生产,特别是粮食生产仍远远落后于人民生活的最低需要。在第二个五年计划执行期间,印度人民所得到的只是严重缺粮,批发价格上升了20%以上、生活更加困难、失业队伍不断扩大。农业问题是印度发展经济的根本问题。对于发展农业生产,印度政府不是依靠人民的力量,不敢从彻底的土地改革着手,而是醉心于争取“外援”。依靠“外援”,特别是投靠美国帝国主义能够解决印度的困难吗?本期选载的印度“新世纪”周报发表的“美印粮食贷欵协定只对美国有利”一文,揭露了“美援”的实质,另外也选载了“印度的粮食危机”和“第三个五年计划面对的实际问题”两篇文章,这主要是反映印度官方人物及其美国谋士对印度当前最重要的经济问题的献策。从这两篇文章里面,读者可以知道当前印度所面对的经济问题的梗概。
The outlook for India’s second five-year economic plan, from April 1956 to March 1961, as far as its performance is concerned, is very bad. According to an official report released on July 4 by the Government of India Planning Commission, the original targets for important projects such as copper, coal, grain, cotton and employment will not be fulfilled, of which the food issue is a serious problem. Due to the implementation of the Indian government, the internal sacrifice of the interests of the people, blindly submitting to the big bourgeoisie and the feudal forces, and externally relying on imperialist “aid” policies, therefore, the result of the plan is implemented in addition to some industrial enterprises that can make huge profits to capitalists Apart from development, agricultural production, especially food production, still lags far behind the minimum needs of people’s lives. During the implementation of the second five-year plan, the people of India got only a serious shortage of food, the wholesale prices rose by more than 20%, their lives were more difficult and the number of unemployed workers was constantly expanding. Agriculture is a fundamental issue for India’s economic development. For the sake of developing agricultural production, the Indian government does not rely on the strength of the people and does not dare start with a complete land reform. Instead, it is obsessed with seeking “foreign aid.” Relying on “foreign aid” and especially relying on American imperialism can solve the difficulties of India? This issue of the “New Century” in India’s “New Century” magazine published a “U.S.-Indian grain loan agreement that is only good for the United States,” a document that “ In addition, two articles, ”The Food Crisis in India“ and ”The Practical Problems Faced in the Third Five-Year Plan," are mainly selected to reflect the most important current status of Indian officials and their American counselors in India Advice on economic issues. From these two articles, readers can know the outline of the current economic problems facing India.