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承担贪污贿赂犯罪侦查职能是反贪污组织的共同特征,它是当代宪政制度中控权机制无法避免贪污贿赂犯罪发生的一支救济力量,其组织结构和原有政治体制紧密融为一体,并被其宪政制度所决定。以分权制衡为核心的西方发达国家宪政制度下反贪污组织不是独立的第四权,而是从属于行政权并由多个组织分别承担。宪法形式完备又实际集权的新兴工业化国家和地区宪政制度下的反贪污组织直接归属于权力核心,专门而又相对独立,其组织绩效和领导人英明直接相关。人民主权的中国宪政制度下将承担法律监督和反贪污贿赂职能的检察机关独立为一种新的独立的国家权能,具有现实合理性和宪政必然性。
To undertake the criminal investigation function of corruption and bribery is a common characteristic of the anti-corruption organizations. It is a relief power that the control mechanism can not avoid the embezzlement and bribery crime occurring in the contemporary constitutional system. Its organizational structure is closely integrated with the original political system and Its constitutional system determines. The anti-corruption organizations in western developed countries whose core is the system of decentralization and checks and balances are not independent fourth powers, but subordinate to administrative power and are undertaken by multiple organizations separately. The anti-corruption organizations under the constitutional system in the newly industrialized countries and regions with complete and centralized constitutional power are directly and exclusively at the core of power, and their organizational performance is directly related to the wise leadership of the leaders. Under the people’s sovereignty of China’s constitutional government system, the procuratorial organ that undertakes legal supervision and anti-corruption and bribery independence as a new independent state power has realistic rationality and constitutional necessity.