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[提示]一个文言实词往往具有几个相关联的意义,甚至词性也不同,这就是多义词,又叫一词多义。一般说,词义有本义、引申义、比喻义、假借义。汉字中以形声字为最多,因此通过区分字的形旁来认识本义,不失为好方法,如“探”从“手”,“穼”声,意思是把手深深地伸进去摸东西。从词的本义推断引申义,如“朝”的本义是“早晨”,由于古代臣子朝见君王都在早晨,因此引申为“朝见”,从“朝见”再引申为“朝廷”等义。尽管一词多义,但在具体的语境中总是单义的,所以要根据语境和上下文来确定词义。例如“扶”可释作“搀扶”、“扶持”、“拄着”、“带着”、“沿着”等,但它在“便扶向路,处处志之”中只能作“沿着”讲。
[Prompt] A classical Chinese word often has several related meanings, and even different parts of speech. This is a polysemy, and it is also called polysemy. In general, the meaning of a word has its original meaning, its extended meaning, its metaphorical meaning, and its false meaning. The Chinese character is the most common type of sound, so it is a good idea to recognize the true meaning by distinguishing the shape of the word. For example, “exploring” from the “hand” and “squeaking” means that the handle is deeply extended to touch something. From the original meaning of a word, it is inferred from the original meaning of the word. For example, the original meaning of the “North Korea” is “morning”. Since the ancient courtiers saw the king in the morning, they were extended to “see you” and from the “to see” to the “court”. Although the word is polysemy, it is always unambiguous in a specific context. Therefore, the meaning of a word is determined according to context and context. For example, “helping” can be interpreted as “supporting,” “supporting,” “kneeling,” “bringing,” “going along,” etc., but it can only be used as an “along the “Speaking.”