成人严重急性肺功能衰竭,亦称急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS),特点是持续的明显肺气体交换障碍,肺顺应性功能严重下降,以及X线显示间质和/或肺泡的非心源性肺水肿。常累及以前无严重疾病的年轻人,在严重创伤、出血性休克、吸入胃内容物、肺炎或“濒临淹溺”后发病。尽管病因各有区别,但随着疾病的进展都出现严重的全肺炎症改变。病死率至今仍高达50％,部分为90％。高病死率的原因除少数特殊类型ARDS严重过程外,也与治疗引起的肺部损伤有关。为了维持接近正常血气的需要,进行了过度的人工呼吸治疗,同样可使受损的 Severe acute lung failure in adults, also known as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), is characterized by persistent and significant lung gas exchange disorders with a severe reduction in lung compliance, as well as non-cardiogenic X-ray findings of stroma and / or alveoli Pulmonary Edema. Often young people who have previously had no serious illnesses develop severe trauma, hemorrhagic shock, inhalation of stomach contents, pneumonia or “drowned”. Although the causes vary, severe pneumonitis changes occur as the disease progresses. The fatality rate is still as high as 50% and partly as 90%. The reason for the high case-fatality rate is also related to treatment-induced lung injury in addition to a few severe types of ARDS. In order to maintain the need for close to normal blood gas, excessive artificial respiration treatment, the same can make damaged