从人类生命活动本质的视角 ,对美学进行了重新定位 ,提出审美动因是美学研究的逻辑起点 ,审美的本质是人以知觉的方式适应环境的互动过程。并通过对马克思《1 844年经济学——哲学手稿》的重新考察 ,指出马克思早已奠定了生命美学思想和方法论的基础 ,人类学理论应当是马克思主义的第四个理论来源。在对美学理论的历史考察和相关背景理论整合的基础上 ,力求以美学方法论的创新为突破口 ,构建新的美学理论体系。 From the perspective of the essence of human life and activity, we reposition the aesthetics, put forward that the aesthetic motivation is the logical starting point of the aesthetic study, and the essence of the aesthetic is the interactive process of people adapting to the environment in a conscious way. And through the re-examination of Marx’s 1848 Economics-Philosophy Manuscript, it is pointed out that Marx has laid the foundation of life aesthetics and methodology, and anthropological theory should be the fourth theoretical source of Marxism. Based on the historical investigation of aesthetics theory and the related background theory, the author tries his best to establish a new theoretical system of aesthetics by taking the innovation of aesthetic methodology as the breakthrough point.