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国际水稻研究所的有关专家,曾对亚洲地区水稻有害生物危害损失作了估计:鼠害损失25％～30％;虫害损失31.5％;病害损失9.3％;草害损失10.7％,合计达51.5％。衡阳市植保站1989年～1993年连续5年的试验表明,在稻田病虫都不防治的情况下,早稻产量平均损失20.08％,晚稻产量平均损失26.67％。这一数字十分惊人,同时也提示我们,这是由于对农田“卫士”保护不好的结果。据美国康奈尔大学教授在1992年的一项估计,在农田中对害虫的控制,天敌可发挥50％以上的控害作用,作物抗性和其他生态因素可发挥40％调控作用。如果人们正确采用“预防为主、综合防治”的植保方针,天故与抗性的综合控害作用可超过80％。为了帮助广大读者认识天敌、保护好天敌,特请湖南省植保植检站副站长、农技推广研究员李绍石撰写“农田卫士”,本刊将作系列报道。
Experts from the International Rice Research Institute have estimated the loss of rice pests in Asia: 25% to 30% of rodent pests, 31.5% of pests, 9.3% of diseases and 10.7% of grass damage, accounting for 51.5% . Plant protection stations in Hengyang from 1989 to 1993 for five consecutive years of tests showed that in the case of rice diseases and insect pests are not controlled, the average loss of early rice 20.08%, average yield of late rice 26.67%. This figure is very alarming. At the same time, it also prompts us that this is due to the poor protection of the farm guards. According to an estimate made by Cornell University professors in 1992, pests control over pests in farmland can control more than 50% of the natural enemies, and crop resistance and other ecological factors can play a 40% regulatory role. If people correctly adopt the principle of “prevention first and comprehensive prevention and cure”, the integrated control of natural causes and resistance can exceed 80%. In order to help readers understand natural enemies and protect natural enemies, we specially asked Li Shaoshi, deputy chief of plant protection and phytosanitary station of Hunan Province to write a book called Farmland Guardian, and we will make a series of reports.