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致密砂岩气是一种非常重要的非常规资源,它具有低孔(4%~12%)、低渗(﹤0.1×10-3 um2)、含气饱和度低、含水饱和度高、孔喉半径小等特征。由于致密砂岩气藏具有复杂的储层结构,多种孔隙、喉道、微裂缝发育,因此通过压裂技术实现低渗致密气藏增产是很重要的。致密砂岩气藏的压裂增产技术主要有分层压裂技术、大型压裂技术、水平井分段压裂技术、CO2泡沫压裂技术等,这些技术现在在国内外致密砂岩气藏增产中都取得了一定的成果。本文对这几种主要的压裂方法做了介绍。同时,由于压裂增产改造后,外来颗粒和滤液侵入会对储层造成一定的损害,因此压裂改造后的储层保护也非常重要,现在主要使用屏蔽暂堵技术来降低损害程度,保护储层,为今后的开发提供保障。
Tight sandstone gas is a very important unconventional resource. It has low porosity (4% ~ 12%), low permeability (<0.1 × 10-3 um2), low gas saturation and high water saturation. Small radius and other characteristics. Because of the complicated reservoir structure and the development of many kinds of pores, throats and micro-cracks in tight sandstone gas reservoirs, it is very important to realize the stimulation of low permeability tight gas reservoirs by fracturing technology. Fracturing stimulation technology in tight sandstone gas reservoirs mainly includes the fracturing technology, the large-scale fracturing technology, the horizontal well fracturing technology, the CO2 foam fracturing technology, etc. These technologies are now being used in the production of tight sandstone gas reservoirs at home and abroad Has made some achievements. This article describes some of the major fracturing methods. At the same time, due to the increase of fracturing stimulation, invasion of foreign particles and filtrate will cause some damage to the reservoir. Therefore, reservoir protection after fracturing is also very important. Nowadays, the technology of shielding temporary plugging is mainly used to reduce the damage, Layers for future development to provide protection.