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光学元件在光学仪器中一般起转折光线的作用。大多数光学元件是利用光学介质的界面的反射和折射来改变光束方向的。当然也可以用光衍射原理来达到上述目的。最早的衍射光学元件是在1896年瑞利发明的波带板。近代光学仪器中常用的各类衍射光栅就是利用衍射来实现其复杂功能的元件。利用全息方法记录的光束(二束或二束以上)干涉衍射全息图,其理论模型从广义上可看作是一种复杂的变间距的衍射光栅——全息光学元件(HOE)。因此HOE是一种有别于像
Optical components generally act as a turning light in optical instruments. Most optical elements utilize the reflection and refraction of the interface of the optical medium to change the beam direction. Of course, the principle of light diffraction can also be used to achieve the above objectives. The earliest diffractive optical element was the strip plate invented by Rayleigh in 1896. Modern optical instruments used in various types of diffraction grating is the use of diffraction to achieve its complex functions of the components. The holographic diffraction pattern of a hologram (or two or more beams) recorded by holographic method can be regarded as a complicated diffraction grating and holographic optical element (HOE) in a broad sense. So HOE is a different from like