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铁路这一近代先进交通工具,曾对世界资本主义经济发展起了巨大推动作用。西方列强用炮火轰开中国大门后,由于当时中国交通条件落后,在一定程度上阻碍了外国势力向中国内地的深入,因此他们认为,使中国这样幅员广大的国家“转化为殖民地的最有效方法是建筑铁路”。清末中国铁路发展较快,曾对中国经济半殖民地化及近代化产生了很大影响。本文拟对这一时期华北铁路的发展过程及其对外贸的作用,作一简要分析。
The railroad, a modern and advanced means of transport, has played a huge role in promoting the development of world capitalist economy. After western armies blasted the Chinese gate with artillery fire, the backward transport conditions in China at that time hindered the penetration of foreign forces into the Mainland to a certain extent. Therefore, they believed that the most effective way to transform such a vast country like China into a colony Is a construction railway. " The rapid development of the Chinese railway in the late Qing Dynasty had a great impact on the semi-colonization and modernization of China’s economy. This article intends to make a brief analysis of the development of North China Railway during this period and its role in foreign trade.