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本研究以小鲟鳇幼鱼为研究对象,对比了不同驯化方式(即从淡水开始,盐度分别突变0,5,10和15,然后每天增加盐度1,分别表示为T0、T5、T10和T15)对其生长性能、血浆渗透压、鳃丝Na~+/K~+-ATP酶活性以及血糖、血清主要金属离子和氯离子浓度等的影响。从驯化至盐度28得到的结果表明,各处理小鲟鳇存活率差异不显著(P>0.05);T0和T5处理的特定生长率差异不大,但显著高于T15和T10处理(P<0.05);各处理血浆渗透压显著高于驯化前,但相互之间差异不显著;各处理小鲟鳇鳃丝Na~+/K~+-ATP酶活力均明显升高,但T15处理的鳃丝Na~+/K~+-ATP酶活力显著低于其它处理(P<0.05);各处理小鲟鳇血糖含量均低于驯化前水平,但相互之间差异不大(P>0.05);与在淡水中相比,盐度突变幅度最大的处理(T15)的小鲟鳇在驯化过程中血清Na~+、K~+、Ca~(2+)、Mg~(2+)和Cl~-浓度显著上升。除Na~+和Cl~-浓度变化趋势相同外,其它离子浓度的变化规律性不强。综合比较表明,小鲟鳇对较高的盐度及其突变耐受性较差,而从淡水向海水驯化时,盐度为5的突变幅度可能对小鲟鳇比较适宜。
In this study, the juveniles of Acipenser forsythiae were studied, comparing different acclimation methods (from freshwater, the salinity varied by 0, 5, 10 and 15, respectively, and then the daily salinity increased by 1, denoted as T0, T5, T10 And T15) on its growth performance, plasma osmotic pressure, gill Na ~ + / K ~ + -ATPase activity and blood glucose, serum main metal ions and chloride ion concentration. The results from acclimation to salinity 28 showed no significant difference in survival rates between treatments (P> 0.05). The specific growth rates of T0 and T5 were not significantly different but significantly higher than those of T15 and T10 treatments (P < 0.05). The plasma osmolality of each treatment was significantly higher than that before domestication, but the difference was not significant. The activities of Na ~ + / K ~ + -ATP in gill of sturgeon were all increased obviously, The activities of Na ~ + / K ~ + -ATPase in silk were significantly lower than those in other treatments (P <0.05). The blood glucose contents of all treatments were lower than those before domestication, but not significantly different from each other (P> 0.05). Compared with the freshwater, the sturgeon Na ~ +, K ~ +, Ca ~ (2 +), Mg ~ (2+) and Cl ~ - Concentration increased significantly. In addition to the same trend of Na ~ + and Cl ~ - concentrations, other ion concentrations did not change regularly. Comprehensive comparisons show that the small sturgeon is less tolerant to higher salinity and its mutation, while the salinity of 5 is probably more suitable for the small sturgeon when domesticated from freshwater to seawater.