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1976年7月28日唐山7.8级地震是20世纪中国发生的震级最大、影响十分深远的一次大地震,京津唐地区各类水利工程均受到不同程度的破坏。选取唐山大地震中烈度6度外包线(等震线)以内介于115.5°~119.9°E和39.0°~40.9°N之间的京津唐地区作为研究区域,通过对该区域内水利工程破坏情况的统计分析,利用图、表等形式直观地反映各类水利工程震害的特点及破坏形式。针对各类水利工程的主要震害现象,简要分析了水利工程震害与地震动强度、场地条件、震前库水深度及工程结构设计、选材等因素影响的相关性。探讨了相应的水利工程抗震措施,为今后水利工程的抗震设计和地震应急救援工作提供了一些针对性的参考依据。
The magnitude 7.8 Tangshan earthquake on July 28, 1976, was the largest and most profound earthquake that struck China in the 20th century. All kinds of water conservancy projects in Beijing, Tianjin and Tangshan have been damaged to varying degrees. The Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan region, which is between 115.5 ° -119.9 ° E and 39.0 ° -40.9 ° N, is selected as the research area within the intensity 6-degree outsourcing line (isoseismic line) of the Tangshan earthquake. Through the water conservancy project destruction Statistical analysis of the situation, the use of charts, tables and other forms to visually reflect the characteristics of various types of water damage and damage forms. Aiming at the main seismic damage phenomena of all kinds of water conservancy projects, this paper briefly analyzes the correlation between the damage of hydraulic engineering and earthquake intensity, site conditions, depth of reservoir water before earthquake, design of engineering structure and material selection. The corresponding seismic measures of water conservancy project are discussed, which provide some pertinent reference for the seismic design and emergency rescue work of hydraulic engineering in the future.