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三角皮胸瓣系1965年Bakamjian首次报道。近年来国外已有广泛的应用。1975年(Taylor)经过解剖学研究,又报道了皮瓣的解剖和血液动力学。此皮瓣从胸大肌的浅面向外延伸到肩部的三角肌区,甚至延伸到上臂肌肉的浅面。其蒂在胸骨外侧,内含乳房内动脉的前穿枝,有较好的血运。可直接转至颈部、面部和口内,修复软组织缺损。因此在很大程度代替了面下部对皮管的需要,缩短疗程,减少病人的痛苦,在颌面部修复治疗中是一不小的突破,被认为是一个较好、较安全的皮瓣。下面分述皮瓣的界限、解剖、延迟、应用、以及并发症的预防。
Triangular chest flap was first reported by Bakamjian in 1965. In recent years, foreign countries have a wide range of applications. In 1975 (Taylor) after anatomical study, but also reported the flap anatomy and hemodynamics. The flap extends from the superficial side of the pectoralis major to the deltoid area of the shoulder and even to the superficial part of the upper arm muscles. Its pedicle in the lateral sternal, internal mammary artery containing branches before crossing, there is a better blood supply. Can be directly transferred to the neck, face and mouth, repair soft tissue defects. Therefore, to a large extent replaced the lower part of the skin on the need to shorten the course of treatment and reduce the patient's pain in the maxillofacial repair treatment is not a small breakthrough, is considered a better, safer flap. The following describes the boundaries of the flap, anatomy, delay, application, and prevention of complications.