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一、建构“活动—交流”模式的背景著名语文家张志公先生说:“语文教学是基础教育中的老大难,作文教学又是老大难中的老大难。”为什么说是“老大难”?早在20世纪30年代,鲁迅先生就把写作文比喻为“一条暗胡同”“一任你自己去摸索,走得通与否,大家听天由命”。为什么这样比喻呢?作文,是把自己的见闻、情感、想法等转变为书面语言的心理过程。写作心理转化理论认为,在这一过程中,除了思维和表达两大因素外,还存在着一个极为重要而又容易被人们忽视的因素:转换。苏联鲁利亚等专家认为,学生要完成一篇作文,至少要经历三重转化:
First, the construction of “activities - exchange” model background Famous linguist Mr. Zhang Zhigong said: “Chinese teaching is a chronicity in basic education, essay teaching is a long-term dilemma.” “Why is” As early as the 1930s, Mr. Lu Xun put the writing parables as “a dark alley ” “your own responsibility to explore, go through or not, we listen to their own lives.” Why is such a metaphor? Essay, is to convert their knowledge, emotions, thoughts and other psychological processes into a written language. Writing psychological transformation theory that, in this process, in addition to thinking and expression of two major factors, there is still a very important and easily overlooked factors: conversion. Experts such as the Soviet Union Lu Lya think that students to complete an essay, at least to experience triple conversion: