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从功能定位上看,法律发现属于法律方法的“元问题”。然而,现有的理论研究较少涉猎这一主题,原因与法律发现的属性和传统形式逻辑的权威性有关。即便如此,考夫曼、齐佩利乌斯和菲韦格等德国学者对法律发现的技术还是颇有见地。考夫曼在批判传统的“包摄模式”的基础上提出了由演绎、归纳、设证和类比架构而成的“等置模式”。这一模式以类推的二层构造作为理论基础,以事物的本质和法律目的作为中介要素,以比较点的寻找(构成要件的具体化)作为操作规程,并以法官的先前判断和先前理解作为前置环节。与考夫曼不同的是,齐佩利乌斯将法律发现的规范前提落实于法律规范的结构,将类型化的案件比较作为法律发现的经验前提,将“拉入视野”的技术、事实与规范之间的往返流转作为寻找法律规范的基本方法。菲韦格则借鉴了由亚里士多德等先贤所阐释的论题学,并主张论题学就是为问题寻找前提的技术。通过系统梳理论题学的基本观点、思维特征,菲韦格从论题学角度对法学的结构提出了三点要求,从而为法律发现确定了前提获取的范围和原则。
From the functional point of view, the law found that the legal method of “yuan problem”. However, the existing theoretical research seldom addresses this topic because of the nature of legal discovery and the authority of traditional formal logic. Even so, German scholars such as Kauffman, Chipellius and Fewewe are still quite familiar with the technology discovered by law. On the basis of criticizing the traditional “package photo mode”, Kaufman put forward the “equivalent model” of deduction, induction, proof and analogy. This model uses the analogy of the two-tier structure as the theoretical basis, the essence of the thing and the legal purpose as the intermediary elements, and the search for comparative points (the concrete elements of the constituent elements) as the operating procedures. Judging from the judge’s previous judgment and previous understanding Pre-link. Different from Kaufman, Chibeilius put the legal preconditions found in law into the structure of legal norms, comparing the typed cases to the preconditions of legal discovery, and the techniques, facts and The reciprocal transfer between norms as a basic method to find legal norms. Fewege borrowed from the theorists explained by Aristotle and other sages, and argued that the thematic study is to find the premise for the problem of technology. Through the systematical combing of the basic ideas and thinking features of the Thesis Studies, Feiwege put forward three requirements on the structure of the law from the point of view of the Thesis, so as to determine the scope and principles for obtaining the premises for the discovery of the law.