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利用液态金属进行模锻是金属成型的一种先进技术,与铸造相比,可以消除制件的气孔、缩孔和疏松,并可改善制件的内部组织,使其机械性能大大提高,生产率也高。与锻压相比,制件形状可以很复杂,尺寸精确,表面粗糙度低,故可实现少或无切削加工,节省原材料。另外,用液态金属进行模锻成型,成型容易,设备吨位显著降低,并可节省能源。所以,液态模锻技术已取得很大的进展,并已进入实用化的阶段。为了保证教学质量,节约开支,我们利用现有设备,应用这项技术自制了铅试件,现将我们的做法与体会介绍如下。
Forging is the use of liquid metal forging metal forming an advanced technology, compared with the casting, can eliminate the parts of the pores, shrinkage and loose, and can improve the internal organization of parts, so that its mechanical properties greatly improved, and productivity high. Compared with forging, the shape of parts can be complex, accurate size, low surface roughness, it can achieve less or no cutting, saving raw materials. In addition, the use of liquid metal forging molding, forming easy, equipment tonnage significantly reduced, and can save energy. Therefore, liquid forging technology has made great progress, and has entered a practical stage. In order to ensure the quality of teaching, saving costs, we use existing equipment, the use of this technology homemade lead test pieces, now our approach and experience are described below.