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知识外溢的测度和效应分析是一个尚待解决的难题。对于产业区内的知识外溢,当代学者从不同的研究方法出发进行了开创性研究。本文梳理了该领域的主要研究文献,从理论脉络来看,对于创新产出的如何衡量以及非商业机制的知识溢出对创新的影响都是有争议的。本文的分析认为,知识外溢对于产业区内企业的创新活动确实有影响,但知识外溢并非自然产生的,它基本上是一个被管制的流量。而且现有的文献对知识外溢的具体传导机制未作阐述。对于知识外溢问题的进一步研究,应该重新审视其假设前提,对知识默会性和知识编码的概念做认真区分。
The measurement and effect analysis of knowledge spillover is a difficult problem to be solved. With regard to knowledge spillovers in industrial zones, contemporary scholars have conducted groundbreaking research starting from different research methods. This paper sorts out the main research literature in this field. From the perspective of the theoretical context, how to measure the innovation output and the impact of non-commercial knowledge spillovers on innovation are controversial. The analysis of this paper holds that knowledge spillover does have an impact on the innovation activities of enterprises within the industrial zone. However, knowledge spillovers do not occur naturally. It is basically a controlled flow. Moreover, the existing literature does not elaborate on the specific transmission mechanism of knowledge spillover. For further research on knowledge spillover issues, we should re-examine its hypothetical premise and make a careful distinction between the concepts of knowledge tacitness and knowledge coding.