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近年来,原位杂交、PCR等分子病理学新技术有了很大发展,在一些疾病的诊断和研究中显示出了巨大的优势,但是免疫细胞化学染色(ICS)技术以其操作简单、敏感性高、特异性强,能将形态、代谢和机能密切结合起来等优点而广泛应用于肿瘤临床病理诊断和鉴别诊断。我们针对ICS时间长、敏感性差、抗原修复方法单一、组织固定、制片和染色等过程对抗原均有不同程度的破坏,最终影响特异性ICS结果等缺点,在实践中不断探索,对影响抗原性的因素及解决方法、抗原修复技术及原理、冰冻厚切片、细胞涂片等特殊标本上的ICS
In recent years, new technologies of molecular pathology such as in situ hybridization and PCR have been developed greatly, showing great advantages in the diagnosis and research of some diseases. However, the immunocytochemical staining (ICS) technique is simple and sensitive High specificity and strong specificity, can be morphological, metabolic and functional close combination of advantages and is widely used in clinical and pathological diagnosis of cancer and differential diagnosis. We focused on the ICS for a long time, the sensitivity is poor, a single antigen repair method, tissue fixation, preparation and staining processes have different degrees of destruction of antigens, and ultimately affect the results of specific ICS and other shortcomings in practice continue to explore the impact of antigen Sexual factors and solutions, antigen repair techniques and principles, frozen thick sections, cell smears and other special specimens on the ICS