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目的研究胃癌及癌旁组织中促凋亡基因 Bax 的表达状态及其与细胞凋亡之间的关系。方法应用免疫组织化学方法及脱氧核糖核酸末端转移酶介导的缺口末端标记(TUNEL)技术对50例胃癌及33例癌旁组织中 Bax 表达及凋亡细胞的密度和分布进行原位观察和比较。结果癌旁组织中 Bax 蛋白的表达率、表达强度显著高于胃癌组织(P<0.01)。Bax 蛋白在胃癌中的表达与患者性别、年龄、肿瘤大小、浸润深度、淋巴结转移及临床分期差异无显著性(P>0.05),与胃癌形态学分型及分化程度有关(P<0.05及 P<0.01)。癌旁组织中的凋亡细胞密度显著高于胃癌组织(P<0.01)。Bax 蛋白表达阳性胃癌及癌旁组织中的凋亡细胞指数明显高于 Bax 阴性组(P<0.01)。结论 Bax 蛋白对胃癌及癌旁组织中的细胞凋亡具有促进性调控作用。在胃粘膜细胞恶性转化过程中可能存在细胞凋亡受抑,而 Bax 蛋白表达减少可能是细胞凋亡受抑的机制之一。细胞凋亡调控异常在胃癌发病中可能起重要作用。
Objective To investigate the expression of pro-apoptotic gene Bax and its relationship with apoptosis in gastric cancer and adjacent tissues. Methods The expression of Bax and the density and distribution of apoptotic cells in 50 cases of gastric cancer and 33 cases of adjacent tissues were observed and compared by immunohistochemical method and TUNEL technique mediated by DNA terminal transferase. . Results The expression rate and intensity of Bax protein in paracancerous tissues were significantly higher than those in gastric cancer tissues (P<0.01). There was no significant difference in the expression of Bax protein between gastric cancer and gender, age, tumor size, depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis and clinical stage (P>0.05). It was related to morphological type and differentiation of gastric cancer (P<0.05 and P<0.05). 0.01). The density of apoptotic cells in adjacent tissues was significantly higher than that in gastric cancer tissues (P<0.01). The apoptotic cell index was significantly higher in Bax protein positive gastric cancer tissues and paracancerous tissues than in Bax negative group (P<0.01). Conclusion Bax protein can promote the regulation of apoptosis in gastric cancer and adjacent tissues. Apoptosis may be inhibited during the malignant transformation of gastric mucosal cells, and the decreased expression of Bax protein may be one of the mechanisms for inhibiting apoptosis. Abnormal regulation of apoptosis may play an important role in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer.