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为研究现浇X形混凝土桩的荷载沉降特性及其荷载传递机制,利用河海大学的大型试验模型槽开展X形桩的足尺模型静载荷试验。通过在桩身设置的钢筋测力计及在桩底埋设的土压力盒,实测了在竖向荷载作用下X形桩与土相互作用时的工作性状。试验结果表明:X形桩的荷载沉降曲线为缓变型;桩侧摩阻力与桩端阻力随桩顶沉降的增加均呈递增性;但随着桩顶荷载的增加,桩侧摩阻力分担桩顶荷载比例却呈递减性,其分担桩顶荷载比例由初期的约90%下降到极限状态时的70%左右,而桩端阻力分担桩顶荷载的比例呈递增性,其分担桩顶荷载比例由初期的约10%上升到极限状态时30%左右。研究成果可为今后竖向受荷X形桩的设计与研究提供重要参考。
In order to study the load settlement characteristics and load transfer mechanism of X-shaped cast-in-place concrete piles, a full-scale model static load test of X-shaped piles was carried out by using large experimental groove of Hohai University. Through the steel bar dynamometer set in the pile body and the earth pressure box embedded in the pile bottom, the working characteristics of the X-shaped pile interacting with the soil under the vertical load were measured. The test results show that the load settlement curve of X-shaped pile is a slowly changing type; the frictional resistance at pile side and the resistance at pile tip increase with the increase of pile top, but with the increase of pile top load, The proportion of the load is decreasing, the share of the share of the top load of the pile decreases from about 90% in the initial stage to about 70% in the limit state, while the proportion of the top load in the share of the pile end resistance increases in an incremental manner. About 10% of the initial rise to the limit of about 30%. The research results can provide important reference for the design and research of X-shaped pile subjected to vertical load in the future.