清代学者刘大在《论文偶记》中说得很绝:材料对文章而言,“譬如大匠操斤,无土木材料,纵有成凤尽显手段,何处设施?”而在写作教学实践中,学生感到最头痛的恰恰正是材料问题———要么眉毛胡子一把抓,要么随手拈来信手写。究其原因,前者是不善于在日常生活中收集写作素材,后者? The Qing Dynasty scholar Liu Dazhao made a very categorical statement in his “Evenings of the Essay”: For materials, for example, “If you are a big craftsman, don’t have civil engineering materials, do you have the means to make it known, where are the facilities?” In writing teaching practice, it is precisely the material issue that students feel that they have the most headache—either eyebrows and mustaches, or hand-to-hand writing. The reason is that the former is not good at collecting writing materials in daily life. The latter?