文化论争是现代性追寻的深层映射,中华民族追寻现代性的过程伴随着中西文化的论争。毛泽东的《新民主主义论》在中西文化论争的基础上,立足于唯物史观,阐明了一个马克思主义者的政治文化观,并对中国近现代历史上中西文化论争中有关民族性和时代性的问题给予了明确的应答。毛泽东提出的新民主主义和社会主义阶段论不仅成为抗日战争时期的理论指导,而且成为社会主义建设的重要思想资源,并为改革开放和“建设中国特色社会主义文化强国”提供了新的理论支持。 Cultural controversy is a deep mapping of pursuing modernity. The process of the Chinese nation pursuing modernity is accompanied by a debate on Chinese and Western cultures. On the basis of the Sino-Western cultural debate, Mao Zedong’s “New Democracy Theory” elucidated the political and cultural view of a Marxist based on the historical materialism and analyzed the relations between ethnicity and the times in the Sino-Western cultural debate in modern and contemporary China The issue was given a clear answer. The theory of new democracy and stage of socialism proposed by Mao Zedong not only became the theoretical guide during the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression but also became an important ideological resource for the construction of socialism and provided a new dimension for reform and opening up and building a strong socialist country with Chinese characteristics Theoretical support.