引言对于文学作品的早期翻译研究,多数学者都是从传统的翻译理论,如尤金·奈达的对等理论、严复的“信、达、雅”三原则等出发,以原文本为参照,对比译文是否忠实,局限于字字对照的语言学层面上的研究。随着翻译理论的发展,以安德烈·勒菲弗尔为代表的操纵派的研究者们从译入语文化出发,开始关注翻译活动中意识形态、诗学、赞助人等外部因素在其中所起的作用,并从 Introduction For the early translation studies of literary works, most scholars started from the traditional translation theories such as Eugene Nida’s theory of equivalence, Yan Fu’s three principles of faith, Reference, comparison of translation is faithful, confined to the phonetic linguistic level of research. With the development of translation theory, the manipulators, represented by Andre Lefevre, started from the translation into the language culture and started to pay attention to the external factors such as ideology, poetics and patronage in translation activities The role played, and from