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问题:请告常用于药物和化化妆品的防腐剂有哪些种?其防腐效力如何?答:最常用的防腐剂有下列几种: 乙醇除糖和鹽类(它們系以高濃度增加介质的渗透压力以抑制微生物的生长)外,醇是最早的用于药物的防腐剂。Gabel氏在1921年就發现在酸性溶液中15%的醇就足以对抗霉和細菌而具防腐作用,但在含有微生物的营养物质的中性或硷性溶液中则最少需醇
Question: What kind of preservatives are commonly used in pharmaceuticals and cosmetic products? How effective is the preservative? A. The most commonly used preservatives are the following: Ethanol in addition to sugar and salts (They increase the penetration of media at high concentrations. In order to inhibit the growth of microorganisms, alcohol is the earliest preservative for drugs. Gabel discovered in 1921 that 15% alcohol in an acidic solution was sufficient to fight moulds and bacteria and had a preservative effect, but in a neutral or inert solution containing a nutrient of microorganisms, a minimum amount of alcohol was required.