手足口病是由肠道病毒引起的以口腔粘膜和手足发生特异性皮疹为主要特征的小儿急性传染病。本病于1957年首先发现于新西兰,以后遍及欧美及日本,近年来在国内亦有报道。北京1984年有一次较大的流行,现每年都有散发病人。一、病因与发病机理:手足口病是由柯萨奇病毒A-16型和埃可病毒71型感染引起。病毒可以存在于病人的疱疹中,从此处能分离出病毒。病毒在人体肠部细胞中增殖.然后进入血循环,并在易受压部位(如手足)组织细胞中增殖,引起疱疹性皮疹的病变。二、流行病学特征: 1.发病年龄:好发于4岁以下小儿,尤以2岁 Hand, foot and mouth disease is caused by enteroviruses to oral mucosa and hand-foot-specific rashes as the main characteristics of children with acute infectious diseases. The disease was first discovered in New Zealand in 1957, later throughout Europe and the United States and Japan, in recent years in China have also been reported. There was a major epidemic in Beijing in 1984, and patients are now being distributed each year. First, the etiology and pathogenesis: hand, foot and mouth disease is caused by coxsackie virus A-16 and echovirus 71 infection. The virus can be present in the patient’s herpes, from which it can be isolated. The virus multiplies in human intestinal cells, then enters the blood circulation and proliferates in cells that are easily pressed (such as hands and feet), causing lesions of the herpes rash. Second, the epidemiological characteristics: 1. Age of onset: occurs in children under 4 years of age, especially in 2-year-old