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目的:对ICU医院感染的多种危险因素进行研究分析,寻求预防对策,旨在降低医院感染发生率。方法:选1120例2009年7月~2013年7月期间医院ICU收治患者的临床资料采用回顾性分析方法,运用χ2检验,综合运用单因素与多因素非条件logistic回归分析法,用Stepwise法筛选模型,研究分析影响感染的多种危险因素。结果:发生医院感染的患者有340例,感染发生率为30.4%;单因素分析结果表明,合并基础病、侵入性操作、高龄(>60岁)、住院时间长、长期使用抗菌药物及免疫抑制剂等都是易发生医院感染的主要因素;多因素分析结果表明,危险系数最大的为机械通气等侵入性操作(OR>5),其他依次为合并基础病(OR=4.716)、高龄(OR=4.335)、长时间使用免疫抑制剂(OR=3.687)、长时间使用抗菌药物(OR=3.660)、住院时间久(OR=2.198)。结论:导致ICU医院感染的因素较多,临床上应采取有效的预防措施,以降低感染发生率。
OBJECTIVE: To study and analyze various risk factors of ICU nosocomial infection and seek preventive measures aimed at reducing the incidence of nosocomial infections. Methods: The clinical data of 1120 patients who were admitted to the hospital ICU from July 2009 to July 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. Chi-square test and univariate and multivariate non-conditional logistic regression analysis were used to screen the patients’ Model, research and analysis of a variety of risk factors affecting the infection. Results: There were 340 cases of nosocomial infection and the incidence of infection was 30.4%. The results of univariate analysis showed that the patients with nosocomial infection were more likely to have the common disease, invasive procedures, elderly patients (> 60 years), long hospital stay, long- Multivariate analysis showed that the most dangerous factors were invasive procedures such as mechanical ventilation (OR> 5), followed by basic diseases (OR = 4.716), advanced age = 4.335), prolonged use of immunosuppressive agents (OR = 3.687), long-term use of antimicrobial agents (OR = 3.660) and long hospital stay (OR = 2.198). Conclusion: There are many factors leading to ICU nosocomial infection and clinical precautionary measures should be taken to reduce the incidence of infection.