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话语理解离不开语用推理,语用推理依赖心理模型的建构。心理模型理论认为,人类根据交际中提供的信息,调用长期记忆和工作记忆中的相关知识,建立模型进行推理。推理有时不够准确,是因为人们对话语信息的了解不够充分,没能建构所有可能模型。心理模型理论对传统心理逻辑推理观提出严峻挑战,开辟语用推理研究的新视角,对心理学、语言学乃至教学等领域产生广泛的影响。虽然心理模型理论有不足之处,但仍表现出强大的生命力。
Discourse understanding can not be separated from pragmatic reasoning and pragmatic reasoning relies on the construction of psychological model. According to the psycho-model theory, human beings, based on the information provided in the communication, invoke the relevant knowledge in long-term memory and working memory to establish a model for reasoning. Reasoning is sometimes not accurate enough because people do not know enough about discourse information and fail to construct all possible models. The psychological model theory poses a severe challenge to traditional psychological logic reasoning, opens up a new perspective of pragmatic reasoning and has a broad impact on psychology, linguistics and even teaching. Although mental model theory has some shortcomings, it still shows great vitality.