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特质推理一直是社会认知研究的重要主题,它包括有意图的特质推理和自发特质推理。随着社会认知神经科学蓬勃发展,研究者开始探讨二者的神经机制。fMRI研究表明,特质推理期间主要大脑活动定位于mPFC和TPJ这两个广泛脑区,有意图和自发特质推理分别更多地激活mPFC与TPJ。ERP研究发现,P300是特质推理期间与不一致信息探测和解决过程相关的EEG成分,有意图和自发特质推理在时间进程上大多同步,却激活了不同脑区。总之,当前已积累了较多可信的脑成像证据,从社会认知神经科学的视角探讨特质推理的神经机制是未来较有前途的一个方向。
Trait reasoning has always been an important theme of social cognition research. It includes intentional trait inference and spontaneous trait inference. As social cognitive neuroscience thrives, researchers have begun to explore the neural mechanisms of both. fMRI studies have shown that major brain activities during trait inference are located in two broad brain regions, mPFC and TPJ, with intentional and spontaneous trait inferences that activate mPFC and TPJ, respectively. ERP study found that P300 is an EEG component related to the process of inconsistent information detection and resolution during trait inference. Both intentional and spontaneous trait-based reasoning are mostly synchronous in time course, but activate different brain regions. In conclusion, more credible brain imaging evidence has been accumulated so far, and exploring the neural mechanism of trait reasoning from the perspective of social cognitive neuroscience is a promising future direction.