论文部分内容阅读
虽然鼻的检查方法比较简单,但首先询问和记录详细的病史(附录1),然后让患者端坐,头稍后仰,再进行初步检查和触诊。外鼻的检查复习一下鼻的解剖生理知识(附录2),有助于进行全面和系统的检查。首先触诊、检查鼻的外形:它应该是对称和平滑。虽然鼻中隔不一定位于中央,也应成直线地将鼻腔分为左右二部分。一般来说,一侧鼻孔比另一侧稍大。检查鼻孔是否阻塞时,可让患者堵住一侧鼻孔,置小镜于对侧鼻孔下,呼吸时,观察镜上气雾的大小,形状有无差别,从而判断鼻孔堵塞情况。更简易的检查方法是听患者的呼吸声音。呼吸正常时,气流平稳。如有阻塞,则出现湍流声(turbulent sound),且呼吸声较正常时大。轻轻触诊鼻骨和软骨,检查是否有敏感或压痛点。详细描述所发现的疖、唇泡疹等损害。必要时,
Although the nasal examination method is relatively simple, but first ask and record a detailed medical history (Appendix 1), and then allow the patient to sit, head a little back, then the initial examination and palpation. Outer Nasal Review Review the anatomy and physiology of the nose (Appendix 2) to facilitate a comprehensive and systematic examination. First palpate, check nose shape: it should be symmetrical and smooth. Although the nasal septum is not necessarily located in the center, it should be straight into the nasal cavity is divided into two parts. In general, one nostril is slightly larger than the other. Check the nostril is blocked, allows patients to block one side of the nostrils, set the mirror in the contralateral nostrils, breathing, observe the mirror on the size of the aerosol, the shape of any difference, to determine the occlusion of the nose. The easiest way to check is to listen to the patient’s breathing sounds. Normal breathing, the air flow steady. If blocked, then appear turbulent sound (turbulent sound), and breathing sound larger than normal. Gently touch the nose and cartilage to check if there are sensitive or tender points. Describe in detail the 疖, lips and other symptoms of lip damage. when necessary,