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果树砧穗互作相关机理的研究对于揭示嫁接亲和性、营养平衡以及信号调控器官形态建成具有重要意义。综述了果树砧穗互作相关机制,并指出目前存在问题和未来发展方向。研究表明:(1)砧穗间细胞正确识别和信息交流是嫁接正常愈合的关键,生理生化代谢物质也影响嫁接体的愈合;(2)嫁接体成活后,砧木直接影响接穗营养水平,接穗调控砧木根系生长发育并产生反馈作用,砧穗间内源激素含量及比例和一些可远距离传递的信号物质参与调控嫁接体发育过程;(3)嫁接杂交为果树育种提供新的方向。未来应进一步研究内源激素如何调控嫁接愈合及嫁接体营养运输、远距离移动的信号物质和嫁接遗传物质改变的分子机制。
The research on the related mechanism of fruit tree rootstock interaction is of great significance to reveal the affinity of grafting, nutrition balance and the formation of signaling regulatory organs. The related mechanisms of fruit tree scion interaction are summarized, and the existing problems and future development directions are pointed out. The results showed that: (1) Correct identification of cells and exchange of information between shoots were the key to normal healing of grafting, and the physiological and biochemical metabolic substances also affected the healing of grafts. (2) After grafting survived, rootstocks directly affected the nutrition level of scion, Rootstock growth and development and produce feedback, rootstock scion endogenous hormone content and the proportion of some distantly transmitted signal substances involved in the regulation of graft development; (3) Graft hybridization provides a new direction for the breeding of fruit trees. In the future, further studies should be conducted on how endogenous hormones regulate the molecular mechanisms of graft healing and the nutrient transport of grafts, the signaling substances moving long distances and the alteration of grafting genetic material.