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介形类动物从奥陶纪早期开始出现,一直繁盛至今;它们广布于海洋、河流、湖泊、池塘,甚至陆上森林地区。个体微小(0.15—2mm)的介形类动物已有两百多年的研究历史(1776—),并可大致分为三个阶段:萌芽起步阶段(1776—1960)、全面发展阶段(1961—2000)和集成创新阶段(2001—)。介形类是古生代重要的海洋生物门类之一,尤以泥盆纪最为繁盛,在生物地层、生物古地理和古生态等方面应用广泛;其古生态组合可分为三类:丽足介大型组合(Myodocopid Mega-Assemblage)、图灵根大型组合(Thuringian Mega-Assemblage)和艾菲尔大型组合(Eifelian Mega-Assemblage)。古生代介形类在几次生物灭绝事件(如泥盆纪晚期、泥盆纪-石炭纪之交,二叠纪末期生物大灭绝事件)中有明显的反应。本文系统回顾了介形类研究的发展历史及取得的主要成就,指出在古生代介形类研究过程中存在的主要问题,并对未来古生代介形类研究的方向进行了展望。
Ostracoda emerges from the early Ordovician and has been flourishing until now; they are widely distributed in oceans, rivers, lakes, ponds, and even on land forests. Slightly (0.15-2mm) ostracods have a history of more than two hundred years (1776-) and can be broadly divided into three stages: the initial stage of germination (1776-1960), the full stage of development (1961- 2000) and the stage of integrated innovation (2001-). Ostracoda is one of the important marine life classes in Paleozoic, especially in Devonian, which is widely used in biological strata, biological paleogeography and paleoecology. Its paleoecological assemblages can be divided into three categories: Myodocopid Mega-Assemblage, Thuringian Mega-Assemblage, and Eifelian Mega-Assemblage. Paleozoic mesoids have obvious reactions in several bio-extinction events (Late Devonian, Devonian-Carboniferous, end-Permian mass extinction). This paper systematically reviews the history of the development and the main achievements made in the study of the meso-classes. It also points out the main problems in the study of the Mesozoic classes in the Paleozoic and prospects the direction of the future Mesozoic classes in the Paleozoic.