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从原矿中提纯出皂石精矿,经不同浓度的稀盐酸处理得到一系列层电荷数不断降低的皂石。Fourier红外和粉末X射线衍射分析表明:当酸浓度不高于0.2mol/L时,皂石的层状结构不会被破坏;但当酸浓度继续增加时,皂石的层状结构迅速被破坏。对精矿和酸处理过的样品先后进行化学组成分析、结构式推算法计算层电荷数以及测定各种物化性能。结果表明:随着酸浓度的增加,Mg和Fe迁出三八面体形成被H+占据的空位导致皂石的层电荷数不断减小。当半个晶胞的层电荷数在0.25～0.36范围内,层电荷数降低可促进皂石的水化膨胀;当半个晶胞的层电荷数<0.25时,层电荷数降低可阻碍皂石的水化膨胀。
The soapstone concentrate was purified from the ore and treated with dilute hydrochloric acid of different concentrations to obtain a series of soapstone with decreasing layer charge. Fourier infrared and powder X-ray diffraction analysis showed that when the acid concentration is not higher than 0.2mol / L, the lamellar structure of saponite will not be destroyed; but when the acid concentration continues to increase, the lamellar structure of saponite rapidly destroyed . The chemical composition analysis was carried out on the concentrate and the acid-treated sample successively. The structural calculation method was used to calculate the number of layer charges and to measure various physical and chemical properties. The results show that with the increase of acid concentration, Mg and Fe move out of the octahedron to form vacancies occupied by H +, resulting in a decrease in the number of layer charges of the saponite. When the number of layer charges in a half cell is in the range of 0.25-0.36, the decrease of the layer charge can promote the hydration expansion of the saponite. When the number of layer charges in a half unit cell is less than 0.25, Hydration expansion.