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以云南稻种资源昆明小白谷与大理早籼配制的杂种F2 、F3、F4 、F5和F6等为材料 ,分别在高原粳稻区、籼粳交错区和冬季籼稻区进行强耐冷性籼粳亚种间杂种后代孕穗期的耐冷性研究。结果表明 :(1)昆明小白谷×大理早籼F3、F4 分离群体在不同稻作区每穗实粒数、总粒数与结实率均呈极显著的正相关 ,尤其是昆明点高达 0 .5 86 ～ 0 .776 。 (2 )遗传研究表明 ,可能有 1～ 2对基因影响着籼粳杂种结实率 ,其中有 1对主效基因控制着耐冷基因的表达。利用该群体已选育出了稳定的耐冷性籼粳重组近交系。 (3)不同稻作区不同世代育性分布规律的总趋势是一致的 ,即随着世代的增加耐冷主效基因有累加趋势 ;不同之处在于不同世代的耐冷主效基因和微效基因表达上有差异。 (4 )同世代昆明小白谷×大理早籼杂种后代结实率分布规律为籼粳交错区与冬季籼稻区相似但与与高原粳稻区差异较大。
The F2, F3, F4, F5 and F6 hybrids of Yunnan rice germplasm Kunxian Xiaobai Gu and Dali early indica were used as material to study the characters of strong cold tolerance indica and japonica subspecies in the plateau japonica rice region, indica japonica cross region and winter indica region respectively Study on Cold Tolerance at Booting Stage among Hybrids. The results showed that: (1) There were extremely significant positive correlations between the numbers of grain per spike, total grain number and seed setting rate of F3 and F4 populations of early indica rice F3 and F4 in Xiaobaigu × Dali of Kunming, especially in Kunming. 5 86 ~ 0 .776. (2) Genetic studies showed that there may be 1 or 2 pairs of genes affecting the seed setting rate of indica / japonica hybrids, of which 1 pair of major genes control the expression of cold tolerance genes. A stable cold-tolerance indica-japonica recombinant inbred line has been bred in this population. (3) The general trend of the distribution of fertility in different generations in different paddy areas is the same, that is to say, the major genes of cold tolerance are accumulated with the increase of generations; the difference lies in the expression of main genes of cold tolerance and micro-efficiency in different generations There are differences. (4) The seed setting rate of offspring of Xiaobaigou × Dali early indica hybrids in the same generation was similar to that of winter indica rice in indica-japonica crossover area but different from that in high-altitude japonica rice.