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目的评价麻疹监测系统运行效果及麻疹控制措施,为进一步开展麻疹控制工作提供依据。方法通过对麻疹监测系统上报的麻疹个案调查及血清标本麻疹、风疹特异性IgM抗体的检测,统计、分析、评价麻疹监测系统运行效果和防控措施。结果2001年以来芜湖县麻疹发病率已降至8.3/10万,平均年发病率为3.4/10万,发病维持在较低水平。麻疹的发病高峰季节为3~6月份,占年平均89.01%。各年份发病以5~15岁发病为主,2003、2004、2005年5~15岁麻疹发病分别占85.7%、70.0%、77.8%。2002和2005年8月龄以前发病(均为6月龄、7月龄发病)各1例,提示现行的麻疹疫苗免疫程序有一定的缺陷。2001~2005年仅有39.6%的麻疹病例有免疫史,说明有麻疹疫苗免疫接种质量低效和漏种现象。结论今后应提高标本的采集合格率,加强实验室检验工作。对现行的麻疹疫苗基础免疫程序有必要进行调整。在提高疫苗接种质量的同时,要确保麻疹疫苗的基础免疫及加强免疫。对暴发点及其相关区域的易感人群,及时施行麻疹等疫苗的应急接种工作。要进一步加强对发热出疹性疾病的监测。
Objective To evaluate the effect of measles monitoring system and measles control measures, and provide the basis for further measles control. Methods Measured measles cases reported by the measles monitoring system and the detection, statistical analysis and analysis of the measles-specific and measles-specific IgM antibodies of the measles and measles were used to evaluate the operational effectiveness and prevention and control measures of the measles surveillance system. Results The incidence of measles in Wuhu County has dropped to 8.3 / 100,000 since 2001, with an average annual incidence of 3.4 / 100000 and the incidence remained at a relatively low level. The peak incidence of measles is from March to June, accounting for an average of 89.01%. The incidence of 5-15 years old was the most common in each year. The incidence of measles in 5-15 years old in 2003, 2004 and 2005 accounted for 85.7%, 70.0% and 77.8% respectively. One case was found in each of the cases before August of 2005 and the age of 6 months (both of 6 months and 7 months old) in 2002 and 2002, which indicated that the current immunization schedule of measles vaccine had some defects. Only 39.6% of measles cases from 2001 to 2005 were immunized, indicating the ineffective immunization and leakage of measles vaccine. Conclusion In the future, the qualified rate of collection of specimens should be increased to strengthen laboratory inspection. The current immunization program on measles vaccine needs to be adjusted. Improve the quality of vaccination at the same time, to ensure that the basic immunization of measles vaccine and enhance immunity. On the outbreak and its related areas of susceptible people, timely implementation of vaccination of measles and other emergency vaccination work. To further strengthen the monitoring of fever rash disease.