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碳纳米管拥有理想场发射材料的诸多特性,但是目前碳纳米冷阴极制备技术尚存在不可控性和不稳定性,仅在平面显示,电子显微镜针尖和小剂量X射线管方面有商业产品推出。本文介绍了CNT作为场发射电子源在高电场和高电流密度应用中的研究进展,对场发射阴极最新制造技术进行了比较,并对场发射机制进行深入探讨。针对制约其电流发射特性和使用寿命的技术难题,对各种应对方案进行比较分析。在这些方案的基础之上对制备技术进一步优化,很可能解决应用瓶颈,推动CNT场发射阴极的广泛应用。
Carbon nanotubes have many properties of ideal field emission materials. However, the current carbon nanotubes cold cathode preparation technology is still uncontrollable and unstable. Commercial products are only available for flat display, electron microscope tip and small dose X-ray tube. This paper introduces the research progress of CNT as a field emission electron source in the application of high electric field and high current density, compares the latest manufacturing techniques of field emission cathode, and discusses in depth the field emission mechanism. Aiming at the technical problems that restrict the current emission characteristics and service life, the paper analyzes and compares various coping schemes. Further optimization of preparation techniques based on these protocols is likely to solve application bottlenecks and promote the widespread use of CNT field emission cathodes.