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目的探讨孕鼠维生素A(VA)缺乏对子代心脏GATA-4基因表达的影响。方法清洁级断乳健康雌性SD大鼠48只,随机分为正常对照(VAN组)组,VA缺乏组(VAD组)和边缘性VA缺乏(MVAD组)组各16只,分别喂养普通饲料、VA缺乏饲料和边缘性VA缺乏饲料。10 w后与成熟SD雄性大鼠交配,分别取孕13.5d、孕18.5d胚胎心脏和新生鼠心脏。透射电镜下观察新生鼠心脏超微结构变化。用RT-PCR和Western blot方法检测孕13.5d、18.5d和新生鼠心脏GATA-4基因mRNA和蛋白表达。结果与VAN组比较,VAD组和MVAD组的新生鼠心脏电镜下出现心肌纤维模糊,排列紊乱断裂,明暗带不清,线粒体排列不规则等。VAD组在3个时期的GATA-4基因mRNA和蛋白表达均低于VAN组(P<0.01);MVAD组在孕13.5d和18.5d的GATA-4基因mRNA和蛋白水平与VAN组之间存在差异(P<0.05),其新生鼠心脏GATA-4基因蛋白水平亦明显低于VAN组(P<0.01)。结论孕鼠VA缺乏影响子代心脏GATA-4基因水平,可能导致子代心脏超微结构的变化,进而造成心脏发育异常。[营养学报,2012,34(4):322-326]
Objective To investigate the effect of vitamin A (VA) deficiency in pregnant rats on the expression of GATA-4 gene in offspring hearts. Methods Forty-eight healthy female Sprague Dawley (SD) weaned female SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group (VAN group), VA deficiency group (VAD group) and marginal VA deficiency group (MVAD group) VA Lack of Feed and Marginal VA Lack of Feed. Mice were mated with mature SD male rats 10 days later, and embryos 13.5 days and 18.5 days embryos and neonatal rat hearts respectively. TEM observation of neonatal rat heart ultrastructure changes. The expression of GATA-4 mRNA and protein in pregnant rats at 13.5d, 18.5d and neonatal rats hearts were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot. Results Compared with VAN group, the myocardial fibers of VAD group and MVAD group were disordered and disordered, with unclear light and dark bands and irregular mitochondria arrangement. The expression of GATA-4 mRNA and protein in VAD group was lower than that in VAN group at 3 time points (P <0.01). The mRNA and protein levels of GATA-4 gene in MVAD group at 13.5 and 18.5 d of pregnancy were significantly higher than those in VAN group (P <0.05). The protein level of GATA-4 in neonatal rat heart was also significantly lower than that in VAN group (P <0.01). Conclusion VA deficiency in pregnant rats can affect the level of GATA-4 gene in offspring heart, which may lead to the change of cardiac ultrastructure in offsprings, leading to cardiac dysfunction. [Journal of Nutrition, 2012,34 (4): 322-326]