冬小麦作为我国北方农民的主要口粮作物,在农业生产中有着不可替代的作用。然而越来越多的调查表明,我国北方冬小麦过量施肥特别是过量施氮的问题十分突出。中国农业大学在山东省调查统计的结果表明,山东省平均的小麦化肥施用量为447kg/hm2(其中纯氮280kg/hm2),远高于根据已有 As a staple food crops for the farmers in northern China, winter wheat plays an irreplaceable role in agricultural production. However, more and more surveys show that the problem of over-fertilization of winter wheat in northern China, especially excess nitrogen application, is outstanding. The survey results of China Agricultural University in Shandong Province show that the average amount of wheat fertilizer applied in Shandong Province is 447kg / hm2 (including pure nitrogen 280kg / hm2), which is much higher than that according to the existing